很多做數(shù)控車(chē)床的朋友都知道很多企業(yè)為了節(jié)約加工成本大多都不是采用的成型刀頭而是相對(duì)便宜實(shí)惠的焊接合金刀頭，畢竟成型刀頭比較昂貴，一般一顆刀頭都要幾十塊，特別是加工像45#鋼材質(zhì)較軟的材料，如果刀具的排屑槽磨的不好的話，鐵末是亂七八糟的，這樣不僅容易崩刀還容易使鐵末刮傷工件影響產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)，這樣不僅加大了工人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，而且還大大的降低了生產(chǎn)效率，對(duì)于這種情況一般一個(gè)工人只能應(yīng)付一臺(tái)數(shù)控車(chē)床，如果能把鐵末一根線排出來(lái)的話鐵末能自己斷掉，這些問(wèn)題將迎刃而解，排屑能否排好這主要取決于槽磨的形狀，也需很多人都不知道該磨成什么形狀才能將鐵末排出，我說(shuō)說(shuō)我工作幾年所掌握的磨刀技巧。

　　Many friends who work on CNC lathes know that many companies, in order to save processing costs, mostly do not use molded cutting heads but welding alloy cutting heads that are relatively cheap and affordable. After all, molded cutting heads are relatively expensive, usually costing tens of pieces per cutting head, especially for processing softer materials like 45 # steel. If the chip removal groove of the cutting tool is not well ground, the iron powder will be messy, which not only easily breaks the tool but also scratches the workpiece, affecting product quality. This not only increases the labor intensity of workers, but also greatly reduces production efficiency. In this case, a worker can only handle one CNC lathe. If the iron powder can be discharged from a single line, it can break by itself. These problems will be easily solved, and whether the chips can be properly removed depends mainly on the shape of the groove grinding, Many people also don't know what shape to grind the iron powder into in order to discharge it. Let me talk about the sharpening techniques I have mastered over the past few years of work.

　　磨刀的平面磨平可以刀刃略高于刃槽后的平面高度，不要太高不然影響排屑效果，這樣的刀也比較快，開(kāi)排屑槽時(shí)砂輪應(yīng)用金剛筆把砂輪角打尖，槽的形狀應(yīng)該磨成斜槽，所謂斜槽就好比在紙上畫(huà)的勾.√只不過(guò)這個(gè)勾是反著的也就是說(shuō)靠刀刃到槽底的距離較長(zhǎng)，槽底到槽背的距離較短，通俗點(diǎn)v形槽，左邊那一畫(huà)較斜長(zhǎng)，右邊那畫(huà)較短，從刀平面看槽應(yīng)該是前窄后寬，有點(diǎn)像|\這個(gè)形狀，刀尖的地方窄，后面寬，這樣有利于排屑，排屑排的好不好主要靠刀尖那點(diǎn)槽，比如平頭刀搪孔刀都可以當(dāng)然排屑的好壞和走刀和轉(zhuǎn)速分不開(kāi)一般較小的工件轉(zhuǎn)速可以打快點(diǎn)走刀打快點(diǎn)成正比，切削下來(lái)的鐵末厚度保持再0.2到0.6之間就差不多了(粗車(chē))。

　　First of all, it is best to grind the surface of the knife flat, with the blade slightly higher than the height of the surface behind the blade groove. It should not be too high, otherwise it will affect the chip removal effect. This type of knife is also relatively fast. When opening the chip removal groove, the grinding wheel should be sharpened with a diamond pen, and the shape of the groove should be ground into a slanted groove. The so-called slanted groove is better than the hook drawn on paper. √ However, this hook is reversed, which means that the distance from the blade to the bottom of the groove is longer, and the distance from the bottom of the groove to the back of the groove is shorter. Simply put, it is a V-shaped groove. The left drawing is longer and the right drawing is shorter. From the blade plane, the groove should be narrow in the front and wide in the back, similar to the shape of | \. The tip of the blade is narrow and wide in the back, which is conducive to chip removal. The quality of chip removal mainly depends on the groove at the tip of the blade, such as a flat head blade and a hole drilling blade. Of course, the quality of chip removal is inseparable from the cutting speed and rotation speed. Generally, smaller workpiece rotation speed can be faster, and the cutting speed is proportional to the thickness of the iron powder obtained during cutting, which should be kept between 0.2 and 0.6. Almost done (rough car).

　　說(shuō)了排屑槽磨制的方法再說(shuō)說(shuō)刀的賴用性，一般磨刀是先磨平面再開(kāi)槽再磨刀尖夾角那個(gè)面再磨刃面，建議磨刀的那個(gè)切削的刃面與平面保持15度的夾角就差不多了，不要太斜這樣容易掉刀尖或者崩刀工件小也許沒(méi)事但是工件大了就不行了，因?yàn)橛操|(zhì)合金刀頭比較脆太硬了韌性差，賴磨損，機(jī)床剛性好的話還能多用幾下差就不行，所以那個(gè)夾角不要磨的太大以此來(lái)增加刀具的抗震動(dòng)能力減少崩刀，檢驗(yàn)刀是否快，工件小的話可以不加水做，排出來(lái)的鐵末是金黃色的話刀非?？欤羰巧钏{(lán)色較快，若是淺藍(lán)色有點(diǎn)鈍，灰白色很鈍了，灰宗色非常鈍了還磨刀了，加水做刀快一般是銀白色的開(kāi)始變黃色就很鈍了藍(lán)色就非常鈍了該磨刀了，一般這樣的信號(hào)就代表你要磨刀了不要用到刀暴了才磨刀，一般刀鈍了稍微修一下就可以用等暴刀后就晚了焊刀磨刀開(kāi)槽很廢時(shí)間的，這里值指的是加工45號(hào)鋼等較軟的材料所謂熟鐵，一般選用牌號(hào)為yt15的合金刀頭，加工不銹鋼應(yīng)用ytw2的，生鐵較脆的應(yīng)用yg系列或ys8的個(gè)人見(jiàn)解做數(shù)控車(chē)床編程并不難，難的是你圖紙上有的東西是要算的算不出來(lái)就沒(méi)法編，比如r在工件之外，非4分之1R銜接直線銜接R.螺紋，變螺距等等所以編程中算法很重要，磨刀等非理論的東西也是這樣的，全靠實(shí)踐了，對(duì)于磨刀我現(xiàn)在基本可以做到讓鐵末從某一個(gè)方向出來(lái)，數(shù)控并不難學(xué)，用心就行，要相信這比高中數(shù)學(xué)簡(jiǎn)單多了。

　　After discussing the method of grinding the chip groove, let's talk about the reliability of the knife. Generally, when sharpening a knife, the flat surface is first ground, then the groove is made, and the angle between the cutting edge and the flat surface is sharpened, and then the cutting edge is sharpened. It is recommended to maintain a 15 degree angle between the cutting edge and the flat surface when sharpening the knife. If the workpiece is small, it may not fall off easily, but if the workpiece is large, it will not work because the hard alloy cutting edge is brittle and hard, and the toughness is poor. If the rigidity of the machine tool is good, it can still be used a few more times, but it will not work. Therefore, the angle should not be sharpened too much to increase the seismic kinetic energy of the tool and reduce the risk of breakage. Check whether the knife is fast. If the workpiece is small, it can be made without adding water, and the If it's golden, the knife is very fast. If it's dark blue, it's faster. If it's light blue, it's a bit dull. If it's gray white, it's very dull. If it's gray brown, it's very dull and even sharpened, Adding water to make a knife is usually fast. If it turns silver white and becomes yellow, it becomes dull. If it turns blue, it becomes dull. It is time to sharpen the knife. This signal indicates that you need to sharpen the knife. Do not use the knife to sharpen it until it is too rough. Generally, if the knife is dull, you can use it for a slight repair. After the knife is too rough, it will be too late to use the welding knife. Sharpening the groove is time-consuming. Here, the value refers to processing softer materials such as 45 # steel, such as wrought iron. Generally, alloy cutting heads with the brand name yt15 are used. For processing stainless steel, ytw2 should be used. For processing brittle pig iron, yg series or ys8 should be used. My personal opinion is that programming a CNC lathe is not difficult. The difficulty is that some things on your drawings cannot be calculated, so it is impossible to For example, when r is outside the workpiece, it is not connected by a quarter of 1R straight line. R thread, variable pitch, and so on, so algorithms are very important in programming. The same applies to non theoretical things such as sharpening, which all rely on practice, I can basically make the iron powder come out from a certain direction when it comes to sharpening the knife now. CNC is not difficult to learn, as long as you put in the effort. I believe this is much simpler than high school mathematics.

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